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Hidden Immortal Pavilion
Hidden Immortal Pavilion
Lin Xuan said with a smile: "Ma Shangshu was joking, I'm just talking superficially."
Ma Zhou was able to become prime minister during Li Shimin's period, so he naturally had vision and a mind.
He didn't think of this before, not because he thought of it, but because he didn't think about it at all.
Although Ma Zhou was the Shangshu of the Ministry of Commerce and managed businessmen all over the world, the class division of scholars, farmers, businessmen, and businessmen had existed for thousands of years.
Even ordinary people look down on businessmen, let alone literati like Ma Zhou.
"No, Lord Hou's words are like a slap in the face. Don't hide it from Lord Hou. Although I am the Minister of Commerce, I look down on businessmen. Now it seems that I am not qualified at all as Minister of Commerce." Ma Zhou said with some self-mockery.
"Your Majesty, I want to resign as Shangshu of the Ministry of Commerce. I think the Marquis of Jingyang County is more suitable than the minister." Ma Zhou saluted Li Shimin.
Lin Xuan was dumbfounded, who am I, where am I, and what have I done?
Did I put down what Ma Zhou said?
"Ma Shangshu, it's okay for me to come up with ideas. You really think highly of me for letting me manage one part." Lin Xuan said hastily.
"No, the top ones need their brains, and the bottom ones work hard. One only needs to come up with ideas for a book, and the rest will naturally be completed by subordinates." Ma Zhou said.
Lin Xuan: ...
I can't persuade you anymore, can I?
"Okay, how can the official position of the court be handed over privately?" Li Shimin scolded.
"Please forgive me, Your Majesty!"
Ma Zhou and Lin Xuan hurriedly stood up and pleaded guilty.
Li Shimin waved his hand and said, "Sit down, forget it this time, if you do this again next time, you will definitely be severely punished."
"Thank you, Your Majesty."
Li Shimin looked at Lin Xuan and asked: "You just said that the most fundamental reason for the change of dynasty is land annexation and excessive expropriation. So do you have any solution to this problem?"
Lin Xuan: ...
Did I dig a hole for myself?
The best way to solve land mergers is naturally to nationalize land and prohibit land transactions.
Without a deal, there would naturally be no mergers.
But this stuff couldn't be played in ancient times.
Wang Mang played like this, and finally played himself to death.
After Wang Mang took power, according to the well field system recorded in ancient books, he promulgated a famous edict: "Today, the field is renamed "Wang Tian", and the servants are called "Private". Those who have passed a well will distribute the rest of the land to the neighboring township party of the nine ethnic groups, so there is no land, and those who should receive the land now, such as the system, dare to have a non-well field sacred system, and those who cannot confuse the crowd, cast it among the four descendants to ward off evil spirits."
This edict includes two aspects. One is to change the name of land across the country to "Wangtian", that is, to abolish private ownership of land and implement a state-owned system of land. Private individuals are not allowed to buy or sell; One hundred mu; if the family has less than eight male members and the land exceeds nine hundred mu, the excess must be distributed to the clan neighbors; those who did not have land before will receive the land according to the above-mentioned system.The second is to change the name of slaves and maidservants to "private belongings", and they are not allowed to be bought or sold.The edict also stipulates that if anyone dares to attack the well field system and incites others to violate the law, he will be exiled to the border area.
Wang Tian and the private ownership system are Wang Mang's solutions to the two most prominent social problems of land and slaves since the Western Han Dynasty.Subjectively, Wang Mang saw that farmers lost their land because of the increasingly serious land annexation, and the root cause of land annexation was land sales.Therefore, stipulating that land is state-owned and prohibiting private sales of land can fundamentally solve the phenomenon of farmers being thrown out of the land.
At this point, Wang Mang is more clever than the rulers of the Western Han Dynasty.However, the state ownership of land in the Shang and Zhou dynasties was replaced by feudal private ownership of land as early as the Warring States Period. After more than two hundred years of development in the Qin and Western Han Dynasties, private land ownership had become the main form of the feudal land system by the end of the Western Han Dynasty.Therefore, as soon as the decree to implement Wangtian was promulgated, it was strongly opposed by large and small landowners.Some landlords and bureaucrats even raised their troops to resist.Liu Kuai, Marquis of Xu Ting of the Han Dynasty formed a party of thousands of people to raise troops; the powerful landlords of Zhending also led their troops to rebel against Mang under the leadership of Liu Du.
Even some people in the imperial court who originally followed Wang Mang raised objections: Although Jingtian is a sacred law, it has been abolished for a long time.
The land is state-owned, and the people will get a lot of land without being exploited.
But this moved the cheese of the aristocratic family, the powerful, and the landlord.
Don't look at these people who account for a minority of the total population in the world, but they control the majority of wealth.
Wanting to nationalize all the land is to force these people to unite.
As for the end, just look at Wang Mang.
Wang Mang finally had to order the cancellation of land nationalization.
"Your Majesty, as long as the imperial court tries to prevent malicious mergers, the imperial court can provide timely relief in times of famine and at the same time find ways to increase food production." Lin Xuan said.
In ancient times, land mergers, except for malicious mergers, were when natural disasters were encountered, and the imperial court was not good for disaster relief.
People have a deep attachment to the land, and having land means hope.
If it is not really impossible to survive, many people would rather sell their children and daughters than sell their land.
"Excessive taxation is easy to solve. Datang's current taxation is not high. Your Majesty only needs to decree that taxes will never be raised."
In the early Tang Dynasty, the tax was not high, about forty one tax, that is, forty catties of grain were collected, and one catty of tax was paid.
This tax is already very low among all the feudal dynasties in ancient times.
But the ancient taxation was not fixed, it came completely according to the emperor's preference.
When the court's finances are insufficient, it will increase taxes. When encountering some foolish monarchs, they will even increase taxes on their birthdays.
But there is one thing that is good in ancient times, that is, it pays great attention to etiquette and ancestral system.
Li Shimin launched a mutiny to seize the throne, but he made Li Chengqian the prince as soon as he ascended the throne.
He himself is not the eldest son, but making the eldest son the crown prince proves that he also supports the eldest son. Isn't that slapping himself in the face?
After Zhu Yuanzhang's eldest son Zhu Biao died, Zhu Yuanzhang had so many sons, but he chose to make Zhu Yunqi the heir.
Zhu Di is not a legitimate son. After seizing the throne, in order to show that he is orthodox, he dared not even recognize his biological mother.
He obviously didn't like the eldest son Zhu Gaochi, but he had to make Zhu Gaochi the prince because of etiquette.
Whenever the emperor is in front of them, they can violate the ancestral etiquette, but after becoming the emperor, they are the most abiding by the etiquette.
Once Li Shimin decreed never to raise taxes, and the subsequent emperor wanted to raise taxes, countless people would stand up to oppose it.
"What if the imperial court's finances are stretched?"
Li Shimin naturally knows the benefits of never raising taxes, but when the court encounters a crisis and needs money, raising taxes is a good solution.
"Your Majesty, even if there is a natural disaster and the grain is not harvested, the commercial tax plus the grain tax will be more than the tax before the Tang Dynasty."
Lin Xuan felt that Li Shimin was a little drifting.
At the peak of the past, Datang’s annual financial revenue was only how much.
Now the business tax and some of Liuli's messy businesses add up to more than Datang's fiscal revenue in the previous year.
"I have to think carefully about this matter," Li Shimin said.
All right, take your time and think about it, the world is not mine anyway.
At this moment, Li Mu came over with a group of eunuchs holding trays.
"Your Majesty, Hidden Immortal Pavilion has sent this year's pill." Li Mu said.
"Send it according to the previous configuration, and give Binwang and Zichu each a box." Li Shimin waved his hand and said.
(End of this chapter)